Obessive compulsive Disorder- and how it affects daily life Research Paper

Obessive habitual Disorder-and how it influences day by day life - Research Paper Example OCD is a turmoil of tension, portrayed by undesirable, wild considerations, and ritualized, dreary conduct that causes the influenced individual to feel as though they can't perform. An individual with such indications likewise feels that he can't break free or oppose from them. Like a needle that is stuck on old records, OCD sticks the mind to a specific inclination or thought (National Institute for Mental Health 231). For instance, Joe, a bookkeeper in a specific firm continues seeing customers books, once in a while, on the grounds that he fears that he may have missed something or done a numerical blunder. Thusly, this has brought down his profitability so much that the administration has given him with alerts severally, yet he just can’t maintain a strategic distance from it. OCD is a sickness that disables both genuinely and intellectually. In spite of the fact that there are no physical signs, it eats in each wake second yet numerous individuals endure alone and peacef ully, as they are embarrassed to impart it to anybody, however its impacts on the victim’s body are ordinarily agonizing. A large number of individuals are influenced on their regular routine as they battle to do their every day errands that a significant number of us underestimate. Envision an individual showing up at his work place and promptly begin stressing that he might not have bolted the entryways or windows. This individual might be compelled to return home from time to time to guarantee that all is well. This at that point influences their work profitability other than weariness. Contrasts among Obsessions and Compulsions Obsessions are wild automatic considerations, driving forces or pictures that happen over and over in our psyches. Regardless of the amount you don’t need to have such contemplations or thoughts since you know very well that they don’t bode well, you just can’t stop them. Tragically, they are diverting and upsetting. Then again , impulses are customs or conduct that drives somebody into accomplish something once in a while. These are predominantly done trying to get rid of fixations. For instance, somebody who fears tainting may create cleaning ceremonies that are exceptionally detailed. In any case, the alleviation doesn't last in light of the fact that the over the top considerations consistently return. Habitual conduct typically causes uneasiness as they become additional tedious and requesting. Individuals with OCD are gathered into a few classes. These are; washers, who dread defilement and in this manner creates hand-washing or cleaning impulses. Checkers continue checking at things they partner with risk or damage. Miscreants and cynics are normally apprehensive that if something isn't completely done, something terrible may occur, whiles arrangers and counters are evenness fixated that create odd notions about specific game plans, hues or numbers. Hoarders are fixated by dread of something awful o ccurring on the off chance that they discard anything. In this manner, they crowd things they neither use nor need. Reasons for OCD Scientists and specialists have not yet found what truly causes OCD. Be that as it may, ongoing examination has clarified better OCD seeing along with its possible causes. Specialists accept that OCD is identified with serotin levels, an ordinary cerebrum synthetic. Blockage of serotin’s ordinary stream the alert arrangement of the cerebrum misconstrues and overcompensates to this data. Messages of peril are activated erroneously by such bogus alerts making the mind to harp on them, rather than as opposed to sifting them through. This makes the individual to encounter uncertainty and dread that is unreasonable. OCD is brought about by solid concern or nervousness that demonstrations like an alert

Laws And Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Laws And Nursing - Essay Example Nursing is the craft of mindful and keeping an eye on a weak individual or creature or any living thing so far as that is concerned. Notwithstanding, not at all like different expressions it additionally bears a profound connection with science (Cubacub, 2009). Attributable to its creative side nursing includes capability and furthermore set strategies and science in its most specialized structure inferable from the logical angle. Similarly as with each other field in this world, nursing likewise consolidates inside it, laws and morals with nursing laws being founded on nursing morals. Morals as indicated by the Oxford Dictionary is ‘principles to be specific good rules that administer how an individual directs an action and the rules that oversee a person’s behavior’ (Press, Ethics, 2010) . Then again the Oxford word reference characterizes law in these terms (placing the importance in straightforward words); the arrangement of rules which a nation utilizes and u ses to manage and control the activities and doings of its individuals (Press, Law, 2010). NMC, short for Nursing and Midwifery Council, is a board or a body that manages pretty much each and every side of nursing including the laws and morals. It works by controlling the attendants and maternity specialists in various pieces of the Great Britain, for example, England, Scotland, Wales, the Islands and Northern Ireland (NMC, What we do, 2010). Their as a matter of first importance concern is to defend and secure the prosperity of open. (NMC, Factsheet: Assessment and examination of wellness to rehearse referrals to the NMC, 2010) Informed assent in this issue is the most persuasive appearing part of law. It is a lawful technique that guarantees the skill and information on a patient in regards to the potential dangers and strategies for a system or treatment plan (Cherry n.d.). This furnishes with a chance to the patients or customers in a human services framework to settle on choices in regards to the issues of wellbeing and treatment plan. Assent could either be communica ted or suggested and relying on the current circumstance, both of them is pertinent and required (Abbas 2012). Communicated assent is the most broadly utilized and most relevant type of assent utilized in clinical practice. In this structure, the patient readily and verbally gives his assent with respect to a clinical or wellbeing technique, and so on. Then again, the patient doesn't verbally give assent in suggested assent but instead his activities or non-verbal communication obviously show that the assent has been given for instance when a patient presents his arm for the organization of an infusion, and so on notwithstanding, the differentiation between these two gets indistinct in clinical practice and requires cautious assessment of the circumstance by the doctor and the medical attendant. Thinking about the job of an attendant in acquiring an educated assent, it isn't the nurse’s obligation to clarify the specialized subtleties of a clinical technique yet rather that o f the doctor. In any case, she is answerable for getting the patient’s signature on the assent structure. These marks suggest that the assent was intentional, not coercive and valid and furthermore that the medical caretaker saw the doctor requesting assent and the patient consenting to it (Abbas 2012). All together for a medical caretaker to shield herself from the lawful ramifications, getting an educated assent is the most significant and preeminent obligation. Any medical attendant who neglects to do so is subject to lawful activity. Trehan and Sankhari (2002) clarify in their work that any method began without first illuminating the patient about it and acquiring his assent would be marked as â€Å"battery† which is at risk to severe legitimate activity being a wrongdoing in nature. In addition they explain that sweeping assent is not any more substantial generally of legitimateness. This as well as it is indispensable to record the assent taking for future medico -lawful references. In a perfect world, a copy of the assent record ought to be given over to the patient so the two gatherings have the imperative data with them which can be repeated when need be (Trehan, Sankhari, 2002). To the extent the legitimate points of view of educated assent are thought of, the

13 Recommended Books By and About American Indians Critical Linking, May 31, 2019

13 Recommended Books By and About American Indians Critical Linking, May 31, 2019 Critical Linking, a daily roundup of the most interesting bookish links from around the web is sponsored by The Plus One from HarperCollins 360. Over the years, one question  I have been asked repeatedly is for a recommendation of  a book  that comprehensively tells the story of American Indians. In fact, there’s no book that does that  because, just like other people who live in the USA, Indians  aren’t monolithic. Hundreds of federally recognized tribes, hundreds more that are unrecognized, 29 language groups and 10 times that many languages, different traditions, different religions. It’s Native American cultures, not culture singular. Our ancestors didn’t all wear feathered headdresses or  hunt bison  on horseback. And they don’t all own casinos or wish they did. There are, however, many good books that can help readers of whatever age learn about ancestral and modern Natives (and the First Nations peoples of Canada). I have two bookcases  filled and a few boxes as well, several hundred in all. What follows are  brief takes  on an eclectic  baker’s dozen of such books. At some levels, all these books are political, but that doesn’t make them heavy-handed or preachy. Such a great list of Native reads!   Mindy Kaling has a new set of stories that shes ready to share with the world. Amazon Original Stories announced Tuesday that Kaling will release a new essay collection in summer 2020. Huh. Well. Ill be preordering.   Today The Horn Book, Inc., announced the 2019 Boston Globeâ€"Horn Book Award winners at  School Library Journal’s Day of Dialog in New York City. First presented in 1967, the Boston Globeâ€"Horn Book Awards celebrate excellence in children’s and young adult literature. Such a rich array of award-winning books!   Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Human Trafficking In America - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 908 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Human Trafficking Essay Did you like this example? To the dismay of many people, human trafficking is a huge problem in America. Most people would like you to believe that things like that dont happen here, that is something that happens in other countries, poorer countries, not the U.S. of A. It has become such an epidemic here, that it can no longer be ignored. Though it is currently difficult to know the exact number of people that are victim to human trafficking due to it being a hidden crime, the US is currently ranked in the top 10 destinations for human trafficking. (Hepburn, Simon 2010) I would like to define human trafficking, as it is written by Homeland Security so when it is mentioned it will be comprehended the same way throughout, Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Though history would like for you to believe that slavery was abolished in 1838 after the American Civil War and the Emancipation Proc lamation that was signed by Abraham Lincoln. Unfortunately, none of that is true. There is more human slavery in the world today, than ever before. It is considered low risk, high reward since it is hard to prove and convict compared to the amount of money that is made from it. One major difference between then and now would be that back then, human slaves were property and worth a monetary value. Whereas now there is no monetary value to the person, only what they can do to make the trafficker money. Once the slave becomes of no use, do it health reasons or age, they are no longer making money, so they are easily replaced. Human trafficking is the third largest criminal activity following closely behind drugs and guns being sold illegally. Though it seems that sex trafficking gets more attention in the media due to it being more overdramatized; labor trafficking is more common and harder to prove in a court of law. One huge misconception about human trafficking is that a person has to be transported from one country to another to be considered trafficking, however, it can take place all in one country. There is an estimated 100,000-150,000 people that the US government believes to be kept in slavery here in America. Common factors that lead people to become victims is often extreme poverty, they may be born in to, they may be runaways living on the streets making them easy targets for kidnapping, or they may be tricked. When someone has grown up in poverty and they are offered an opportunity to either make a better life for themselves or their children, it makes them susceptible to any promises made of a better life. Often parents in poverty are persuaded with hope. Hope of a better life, better education, or even a better life here in America, they will send their child away with these strangers or companies, thinking they are doing their best for their children. Not fully understanding that once that child has been separated from his o r her family, communication ties will be severed, and the child will be stuck with their captors. It has been documented that families have sold their younger children because they could not afford to raise them and they would use the money made to finish raising the older child, or children, that were of working age. Some victims have fallen prey to the darkness that is in the internet, people answering personal ads, and claiming to fall in love with that person over time. Once that person has the victim believing that love is the driving force, the victim will do anything to keep that love, even if it means sleeping with Johns for money. Runaways are easy prey for human traffickers due to their vulnerability. The traffickers watch, evaluate patterns of runaways living on the streets, then the trafficker will have a better idea of what could be the selling point to get that victim to go with them, it could be food, shelter, or promises of an endless supply of drugs. It i s currently estimated that over 2,000 children a day go missing in America, that is approximately 750,000 per year. Of those numbers, only 24 percent are taken by strangers, otherwise known as stranger kidnapping, which gives you approximately 175,000 that go missing or possibly taken for human trafficking per year. That is just children, that doesnt include women and men that are also taken for slavery. Once victims have themselves in a human trafficking situation they may be afraid to leave. Captors often use threats of harming family members, deportation if they are in America illegally, being put in jail. Some victims may have the lack of knowledge about alternatives, they may be kept in isolation, they suffer physical abuse, or physical/psychological confinement. Unfortunately, in some countries it is believed that some governments or law enforcement agencies are involved or have knowledge of ongoing human trafficking events and are paid nicely to look the other way. So, if someone is here illegally, they may have several fears that prevent them from seeking help from the law enforcement. They could be afraid of deportation, fear of not being believed, or fear that if they ask law enforcement for help, they will be turned back over to their captors and punished severely. Also, if they are involved in illegally activities here in America, they may fear Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Trafficking In America" essay for you Create order

Saving other countries, but who saves us - 1086 Words

The conflict in Libya has become a topic of debate in America today due to Muammar Gaddafi’s impetuous outlook on his people and the destruction of the Libyan civilization. Accompanied by his malicious regime he showers terror in the hearts of the Libyan race. The U.S. continuously wants to play the role of world police. It’s not okay to always jump in every time there’s a conflict involving other countries turmoil and violent affairs. The U.S. has its own conflicts in our own countries economy and structure. Even though I don’t agree with what’s currently going on in Libya. I do believe there are sufficient times when the United States should get involved. When there massacre of innocent women and children. The unwillingness of the†¦show more content†¦President Obama was clear in his intentions about why he decided to intervene in Libya due to the chaos, Obama states, â€Å"We knew that if we waited one more day, Benghazi – a cit y nearly the size of Charlotte – could suffer a massacre that would have reverberated across the region and stained the conscience of the world.† President Obama makes a rational decision for the safety of the Libyan people and the American peoples trust, with the UN backing his decision. On the other hand, George Bush sent troops into Iraq to look for weapons of mass destruction without the permission of the UN; I believe he sent troops in after the twin towers were dropped as a form of retaliation on Iraq. George Bush states in his speech, â€Å"Our nation enters this conflict reluctantly, yet our purpose is sure. The people of the United States and our friends and allies will not live at the mercy of an outlaw regime that threatens the peace with weapons of mass murder†. How was he sure of the weapons of mass destruction? My answer is he was not; he had no evidence of such. This is a perfect example on how our country has wasted so much money on war. Should we waste more on Libya? No we shouldn’t with the war on Iraq comes trillions of American dollars fighting for a false cause and murder of American soldiers still. In the words of Joe miller â€Å"The ISG report was sufficient to convince the Bush administration that there were no WMDs (Weapons of MassShow MoreRelatedOffshoring: The Future Of Our Economy Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesOutsourcing jobs to foreign countries or offshoring is often viewed as the demise of the American economy. A more accurate view of offshoring is that it is the groundwork for the future of our economy. 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How Does Mccarthy Tell the Story in Pages 229-241 Free Essays

In this extract, McCarthy conveys the anticlimax of the protagonist and his son’s arrival at the â€Å"Cold. Desolate. Birdless. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Mccarthy Tell the Story in Pages 229-241? or any similar topic only for you Order Now † environment of the beach. McCarthy juxtaposes the bleakness of the landscape with the boy’s optimism in order to highlight the boy’s inherent goodness. McCarthy tells the story using narrative voice in this section of the text. He contrasts the third person extradiegetic narrator with the man’s interior monologue in order to convey multiple perspectives to the reader. He’d left the cart in the bracken beyond the dunes and they’d taken blankets with them and sat wrapped in them in the wind-shade of a great driftwood log. † Here, McCarthy constructs the lexis of the third person narrator using what some critics have called a limited linguistic palette. The polysyndeton creates a steady rhythm, which parallels the rhythm of the journey the man and boy are on, which is, like the sentence, seemingly never-ending. Here the narrator presents the reader with a practical account of the man and boy’s response to the disappointment of the beach, detailing their movements with unelaborated, unemotional language. The pared back language poignantly conveys the sense that the bleakness of the beach was inevitable. In contrast, the tricolon: â€Å"Cold. Desolate. Birdless†, is clearly the man’s interior monologue. The three adjectives highlight the extent to which the reality of the beach does not live up to the characters’ expectations of it. Where they had hoped for warmth when heading south, instead they found â€Å"cold†. Where they had hoped for a more habitable climate, they found a â€Å"desolate† environment. Where they had hoped for life, they had found a â€Å"birdless† environment. Thus, the tricolon convey’s the man’s disappointment to the reader. McCarthy utilizes stream of consciousness in order to enable the reader to understand the man’s emotional response. The narrator is typically unemotive, presenting a pared back account of events and it is thus these rare glimpses into the man’s thoughts that enable the reader to empathise with his perspective. McCarthy also manipulates language in order to convey the bleakness of the beach. The â€Å"Cold. Desolate. Birdless† beach has a parallel in the â€Å"barren. Silent. Godless† landscape in the novel’s opening pages, creating symmetry in the narrative. Just as the rest of the narrative is permeated with metaphorical â€Å"ash†, so the beach too is describes as â€Å"gray†, with the â€Å"gray squall line of ash†. This lexical clusters connoting decay suggests that the beach, like the rest of the world, has been irreparably tarnished by the apocalypse. The simile, â€Å"like the desolation of some alien sea breaking on the shore† is poignant as the sea is â€Å"alien†, belonging to another world, highlighting the extent to which the sea has disappointed the man and boy. McCarthy also utilizes structure in order to present this anticlimactic moment to the reader. The writer presents uninterrupted passages of narration and then starkly juxtaposes them with almost two pages of unattributed dialogue between the protagonist and his son. McCarthy presents the unadulterated dialogue without narrator intrusion, bringing the reader closer to the narrative as if they are experiencing the conversation firsthand. Although McCarthy does not explicitly attribute dialogue to either character, the reader has become accustomed to patterns within the speech of each of the characters. This dialogue is to a certain extent typical of the two characters, with the boy expressing his optimism through a series of questions. In spite of the desolation, the boy asks, â€Å"do you think there could be ships out there? † and suggests that other humans could also be â€Å"carrying the fire† in spite of negligible evidence that this could be the case. Furthermore, he suggests that â€Å"maybe there’s a father and his little boy and they’re sitting on the beach†. Through the boy’s dialogue, McCarthy reinforces the sense that the boy could be an â€Å"angel† or a â€Å"god† in his unwavering optimism. How to cite How Does Mccarthy Tell the Story in Pages 229-241?, Papers

I Love School free essay sample

Doors and windows -It is suggested to use wooden door and window frames instead of concrete or steel. Framing Timber framing -naturally sound insulated -strong structure -construction times are less Recycled steel framing -It’s easy to use when contractors are building your house -less framing material compared to wood but will still be the same structure if you used wood. -Walls, roof and ceilings will not change due to the weather changes -they do not rot, absorb moisture or create mould -resistant against termites Roofing Cool roofing -once the product is painted onto your roof the sun is reflected away. it can be painted on wood, concrete, plaster, metal and glass. -when it’s hot it is preferred that you wear white instead of black, cool roofing is where it reflects the sun and stays cooler because it’s a white colour -cost more than normal roofing but once it starts to work it lowers your bill. -having the roof that you probably have on your house now can reach temperatures of over 70 degrees storing more heat into your house, cool roofing’s temperature only goes to 20-35 degrees at most without insulation leaving your house cooler and saving you from paying heavy cooling bills. Authentic roof made from recycled materials -been said that it’s virtually unbreakable -they are extremely light weight -has UV protection which stops it from fading -contains no toxin materials Roof tiles -colour will not fade, rust or corrode -are a natural thermal insulator. In winter they keep the cold air out and the heat in. In summer they keep the heat out and cold in -natural sound insulator -they are heat resistance; therefore they provide protection against bush fires -made with naturally occurring clay which can be recycled into new clay tiles and bricks Insulation Spray foam insulation -75% noise reduction reduces mould and condensation growth -saves on electricity bills Structural insulation panels -50% more energy efficient -40% less construction time -the core of the panels is made of Expanded Polystyrene which is made from using a low-environmental process which means it does not contain any major carbons. The Oriented Strand Board which is an engineered wood product is made from harvesting a fast growing crop forest which makes the materials renewable and sustainable. -fire resistant -can be used for floors, foundations and basements -bricks and stone can be installed on the panels SIP’s are also used as walls although you can put stone, or brick over the top of it. There is no need for painting as SIP’s come in a range of colour. recycled denim -made from old jeans that have been cleaned, stripped and covered in boric acid which is mould, fire and insect resistant -doesn’t contain any throat or skin irritations -creates a greater sound barrier -its 100% recyclable -requires small amount of energy to manufacture -doesn’t itch and easy to handle -when the insulation gets wet its manufactured to breathe and release the moisture. Also contains active mould inhibitors recycled paper 100% recyclable -takes 10 times less energy to produce than half of the other insulation -non-corrosive -doesn’t support mould or fungus growth -it reduces overheating and overcooling also good for sound insulation Heating/cooling Solar smart breeze -collects solar energy from under a tile or timber roof and cools the house in summer and heats it in winter Spilt system -energy efficient when compared to portable and window air conditioners Hyd ronic heating -uses radiant warmth. Evaporative cooling -uses natural air Smartbreeze -reduces 40% greenhouse gases -saves energy and electricity bills can also work at night providing nocturnal cooling how it works with a metal roof heating. During winter and cold days there can be a build-up of warm heated air between the roof, sheets and foils. The air is dragged to the smartbreeze unit and the fan energised by the solar panel that’s placed on your roof force the warm air through ceiling vents and into your living spaces creating a warmer environment. Cooling during the day during hot weather hot air builds up into your roof. The solar energised fans force the now cold air into your living space which then reduces the temperature. Roof ventilation Avoiding a build up of moisture in winter and to reduce an excessive heat build up in the summer -Some benefits are – lowing energy bills, greater comfort in home, ensure the health of your family -Removes dust which enters through tiny gaps of the house structure increasing your health. Gardening fake grass Regal grass -100% recycled -Contains no harmful toxins or heavy metals -no infill like sand is needed for the insulation -not spiky like real grass, soft to touch and walk on -doesn’t need to be mowed, therefore low maintenance is needed. There is no need to sweep away the excess grass that’s left over. Termiturf -no watering, mowing or fertilizing -its low maintenance -doesn’t lose colour or fade real grass -Needs to be watered at least once a week -Needs to be mowed, the petrol from the lawn mower pollutes the air -Needs to be fertilized, using fertilizer is bad because the chemicals that are in it get washed into either, rivers, oceans and lakes. That causes algae to grow and creatures that live in the water or drink the water. grey water -grey water is collected from you shower, bath or washing machine, it is then diverted into a pump called the waste water system, once the water flows hrough the pump it is then diverted into your garden. -it can save up to 350-700L per day -less energy and chemical use -lower water bills Drip irrigation -weed growth is reduces because between plants the areas aren’t irrigated -constant moisture which improves growth in plants -you don’t need to move them around like a sprinkler, they can stay there permenately -decreased fe rtilizer cost -60% more efficiency over sprinkler systems Flooring Cork flooring -made from trees. The trees are not cut down, they are made from the bark which grows back every 3 years -cork flooring contains a low or no VOC (volatile organic compound).

A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary

A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary NOTE! The below paper is just an example written by one of our staff writers. If you need an original summary of A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings or a paper on a different topic, feel free to place your order. In the short story A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a Colombian writer, talks about Pelayo and Elisenda, a couple who found an old man in their yard. This man had wings. Pelayo and his wife tried communicating with him but in vain. They eventually got their neighbor woman who informed them that he was an angel who had come for their ailing child. As a result, they kept the angel in a chicken coop when their child developed a fever. At sunrise, the whole community had landed to see the angel (Marquez, 1999). In any case, when Father Gonzaga came, he announced that the man was fake. He vowed to get the genuine truth from the church’s higher court. On the other hand, news about the angel spread widely, and many people came to see it. As a result, Elisenda decided to charge a fee of five cents for one to view the angel, believing they will finally get rich. The group left when a carnival flaunting a Spider Woman arrived to the village. Observers scrutinized her, and she disclosed to them how she was transformed into a tarantula one night when she disobeyed her folks. This seemed appealing to the majority than the old winged man who could overlook the individuals around him. Along these lines, the curious villagers before long left the angel for the creepy-crawly, leaving the yard of Pelayo. Afterwards, Pelayo and Elisenda constructed a mansion with all the cash they had gathered and ignored the angel, consequently keeping their child from drawing near to the chicken coop (Marquez, 1999). Ultimately, the elderly person turned into a piece of their life, and they never again dreaded him. The kid could visit him regularly. Inevitably, the chicken coop broke, and they enabled him to move around their home, even though it caused Elisenda much pain. At last, Elisenda watched him fly away to her extraordinary help. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Characters The Old Man The old man in the A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings story appeared in the yard of Pelayo and Elisenda looking squalid and tousled. He had wings and could communicate in an unknown language that nobody could understand. His wings and incoherent language prompted a few people to accept that he was an angel and the church to think he was a Norwegian. Pelayo He is the spouse to Elsenda. He is an unfortunate and ordinary resident who hesitantly shielded the winged elderly man in his chicken coop. Pelayo protected the elderly man against harm by modestly consulting the village priest. However, he could oppose progressively indulgent advice he got from different locals. Elisenda She is the spouse of Pelayo. Elisenda persuades Pelayo to charge residents to see the elderly person, yet, later believes him to be a nuisance. A reasonable lady, she fundamentally worries about the welfare of Pelayo and their kid and is consequently relieved when the old man at last leaves. Father Gonzaga He is an authority figure in the community who acts as a priest. He willingly volunteered to observe whether the elderly person is an angel as the townsfolk accept or only a human with wings. Father Gonzaga is doubtful that the grimy elderly person could be a messenger from heavens, yet he obediently reports the occasion to his superiors in the church. The Neighbor Woman She is the bossy neighbor to Pelayo and Elisenda. The savvy neighbor lady appeared to be more similar to a silly know-it-all than a good advisor and is the first to recommend that the elderly person is an incapacitated holy messenger. She went ahead to advise Pelayo to club the old man to death. This way he would keep him from taking Pelayo and Elisenda’s child. The Spider Woman The spider woman is depicted as the monstrosity show attraction who visits the village. The spider lady had the body of a colossal creepy crawly and the head of a miserable young lady. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Themes Theme 1: faith Faith is one of the essential themes in A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings short story. People in this community show an inconsistency of faith. In the story A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, Marquez focuses on the weakness of the faith of people. The author adds the angel as a symbol of faith in God. However, despite this evidence, the villagers questioned the mundane external characteristics of the angel. According to Marquez (1999), the angel seemed too much of a human. When the spider woman, who was another mythical creature, arrived in town, the villagers lost their interest in the old man. Additionally, Marquez states that the villagers asked her all sorts of questions about her as she narrated her story. As a result, the villagers believed her story behind her transformation, unlike the old man who ignored everyone around him. However, the villagers did not have any factual evidence. Theme 2: supernatural Another theme evident in the story is supernatural. Here, the old man is viewed as creepy, supernatural or spiritual. However, the village priest needs time to consult. However, according to the crowd and the neighbor woman, the old man is an angel. Theme 3: suffering Suffering is another theme portrayed in the story. The old man enters the yard in bad condition that seems to get even worse. The old man is also subjected to many questions from the curious villagers. He is trapped in a chicken coop, poked, prodded and neglected. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Symbolism In the A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings story, Marquez has used symbolism to convey a deep meaning to the story The old man with wings One of the most visible symbols is the old man with wings. Here, this old man is perceived to be an angel. He is used to symbolizing the unknown or unfamiliar that seems to be appearing in the civilized community (Marquez, 1999). However, the angel in the story is not treated like other heaven-sent creatures. The angel, in this perspective, symbolizes the faith people have in whatever they believe. As a result, apart from the many wings that the angel had, the people were not entirely convinced he was an angel. The chicken coop The chicken coop, as used in A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings short story, is equally symbolic. It is used to show the boxed belief that the people in this community have. When people from different places came to know that the old man was an angel, they could plug and prod the old man in an attempt to test who he was. However, the old man did not meet their expectations. This is a clear indication that this community has boxed its ideas into what they believe. The spider woman According to the story, the spider woman is another symbol. She is used to showing the introduction of another freak of nature. This woman shows the faith that people of this community had and how they could easily be swayed when the unique creature arrived in their community. As a result, the people shifted their attention to the spider woman who could eat mothballs and ignored the existence of the old man. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Analysis In the A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, Mrquez has utilized a few inventive diversions from the primary storyline to make the interpretation progressively subtle. Amid the story diversions, the techniques and themes that are used turn out to be indistinguishably entwined. The old man is the main character in the story with each event bearing on him. Notwithstanding, the conduct, appearance, personality and the attention given to the old man is hindered repeatedly by shifts of focus to different characters, which are, once in a while, named and depicted finally (Marquez, 1999). The noticeable quality of the storyteller occupies the readers. The story falters between the perspective of the omniscient storyteller and that of local people, independently and collectively. For example, Father Gonzaga reveals his questions about the old man. The readers of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings children’s story appear to occupy a place that is better than that of its characters, who view old people as jokesters and accept that their neighbors have supernatural powers. The attitude of the readers is critical concerning the role of invention and interpretation. The reader acknowledges innovativeness in itself and makes sense of how to perceive its advantaged position in the story. The redirections from the basic storyline give innovation need over closure or action. The reader approaches the interpretation carefully, as attributing symbolic characteristics to either the elderly person or his baffling vanishing may be acts of inconsequential analysis. References Marquez, G. G. (1999). A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings.Leaf Storm and Other Stories.

How to Write a Splendid Reflective Essay English 101 Basic Rules

How to Write a Splendid Reflective Essay English 101 Basic Rules A reflective essay is one of the papers a freshman should expect to be saddled with when studying a college English 101 course. To get the best score, you must first have an understanding of writing a basic English 101 essay. Before we get into the details, it is important for you to understand what a reflective essay in English 101 is all about. So here is a definition: a reflective essay is a piece of writing in which a student share his or her experiences either directly or indirectly with an intended audience. A reflective essay can also be used to shed light on some of the personal challenges you have come across. So how should a student go about writing an English 101 final exam essay? By sticking to the basics. Select a Catchy Topic The first step to writing about anything is coming up with your subject matter. To come up with English 101 essay topics for a subject such as international students and their migration experiences, you would need to dig deep to remember your own experiences as an exchange student or work with other people’s experiences. Once you have your topic figured out, you are ready to go. E.g. Weak topic: How I Moved to U.S. and Entered College Catchy topic: Unexpected Obstacles on My Way to the US College Nobody Mentioned Online Draft an Extended Outline Once your subject matter or topic has been chosen, the next step is to create an English 101 essay outline which takes into consideration the facts to be discussed. The best outline will definitely include how you intend to introduce your topic, the statistics to be included in your essay’s body and how you intend to conclude your essay. Use Captivating Introductions You will be writing a reflective essay on experiences; therefore, an introductory message that sets the tone on what led to that experience should be used. This gives the reader a sneak peek into what you intend to discuss while developing the body of English 101 essay assignment. When writing an essay on the international student’s migration, you can choose to discuss how difficult the experience is to individuals visiting and staying in a country for the first time. The introduction should touch on how gaining your admission gave you a joy that turned a bit sour in the end. E.g. Weak intro: Everyone knows, that moving to another country is difficult. It was difficult for me too. I expected it would be easier, but it wasn’t. Captivating intro: When President Trump claimed that Muslims cannot really assimilate in the U.S. I felt it as a personal challenge. Personalize the Content in the Body A reflective essay is about an individual’s experience or people’s experiences, therefore, the body of the essay has to evoke some emotions. The best way to get your reader to react is sharing personal experiences or facts that highlight why something was troubling, interesting or fun for you. You can also get started by writing an English 101 sample essay to help you arrange your thoughts. Finish with a Coherent Conclusion Every educational essay must have a conclusion and if you go through English 101 essay samples, you will know this is true. Therefore, include a conclusive statement that highlights how this experience changed you or its effects on the people it affects. So there you have it. The basic rules you need to follow when writing a reflection paper. E.g. Weak conclusion: It was a great experience for me and I am glad to share it with others. Strong conclusion: Despite [limitations, obstacles], this experience has changed me [in this and this way]. Welcome to college. Ensure that you soak in the environment and the knowledge that comes your way for it has a part to play in your future success.

KFC And Burger King Strategies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

KFC And Burger King Strategies - Case Study Example The company's core products are Buckets, Burgers and Twisters and Colonel's Crispy Strips chicken with home-style side dishes. The first 'Soul Food' product to hit the stores was 'Warm Chicken Salad'. The success of this salad led to new variants being developed, and more 'Soul Food' products continue to feature on KFC's menus. . The 'Soul Food' philosophy has also made a real impact upon KFC's retail estate, manifesting itself in all aspects of communication, from window posters to the menu boards and staff uniforms. (www.kfc.co.uk) In case of Burger King, the philosophy of "One size fits all" does not fit with its customers, as customisation is king for them. The target segment is core 18- to 35-year-old "burger-and-fries-loving" customers. To appeal to a broader customer base, it offers a variety of food options, such as a full line of breakfast products, salads, BK VEGGIE burgers, desserts and more. This strategy involves making modifications in the product characteristics so as to stimulate sales. (Kotler, 367).KFC is committed to serving foods that meet the changing needs of its customers. Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) has slashed the amount of dangerous trans fats in its foods in the UK. It uses a low trans fat blend of cooking oil in its 713 British and Irish stores. Previously the company used a partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil. The fast food chain says the switch means that all of its products will contain less than one per cent trans fat. The trans fats have been removed without sacrificing the great taste that is the foundation of KFC brand. Trans fats occur naturally in small amounts in dairy products and meat, but they're also formed artificially when manufacturers hydrogenate liquid vegetable fat or oil. (KFC slashes trans fats on UK menus) Product Line Extension This strategy involves adding new products or services to the existing product line (Onkvisit, Shaw, 384). Burger King has planned to build a chain of Whopper Bars in Britain, which will sell a variety of its signature hamburgers in a hipper, more adult setting. THE "barbell strategy "is being used by Burger King to beef up profits, pushing higher-priced products and cheap items on the same menu. Burger King has plans to build Whopper Bars in places such as airports and other venues with limited space (Rushe , 2008). Product Innovation This strategy involves introducing new products from time to time so as to cater to the changing needs of the customer. KFC and Burger King have followed this strategy. Burger King launched The Angus Steak Burger, which was differentiated based on higher quality beef, while TenderCrisp Chicken Sandwich gave BKC a product in the chicken sandwich category where it was traditionally weak. KFC launched The Wrapstar with delicious ingredients for the young, busy adult who eats lunch on the go.(www.utalkmarketing.com).KFC would launch a revolutionary finger lickin' new menu addition -- Kentucky Grilled Chicken This great tasting product will help KFC continue to evolve and increase its relevance among consumers looking for nonfried menu options. It's the latest and most exciting of many recent menu innovations at KFC and would deliver the great flavor that the customers expect.Even the Colonel's iconic bucket

Management Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Management Principles - Essay Example This leader is actively involved in coaching, training, directing and supervising the team members’ performance. The team leader appreciates and recognizes good performance on a regular basis. Moreover, he provides feedback to the people that do not perform well or achieve the required targets. This team leader reports to a manager. The manager provides targets and directs what tasks to be performed. Very often, the manager takes all decisions related to work and staff members. The monthly and yearly targets and goals are decided by the manager. Although the manager monitors the work, he is not proactive in appreciating or rewarding good performance. The manager holds all authority in distribution and control of stationery and other facilities related stuff. Keen observation reveals that the team leader follows situational leadership style, as proposed by Hersey and Blanchard (Schermerhorn, 2009). The team leader keeps changing his style according to the situation. For example , he trains and coaches team members on the job and continuously monitors and encourages so that they achieve the required targets. He appreciates those that achieve or exceed their performance targets. He also delegates extra responsibilities to the good performers so that they are motivated. He involves all team members in important discussions related to work and/or tasks assigned by the manager.

The Ten Principles of Economics

The Ten Principles of Economics PART 1: Principle 1: PEOPLE FACE TRADEOFFS: To get something one has to sacrifice other thing. For example, a country can spend its maximum resources for its defence but at the same time, it has to sacrifice the maximum spending for the country welfare. A society also faces tradeoffs between the Efficiency and Equity. The government generally tax rich people so that it can get the money from them and use it for the welfare of the poor people; this brings the equity but reduced the efficiency. (Mankiw,2003,p.5) Principles 2: THE COST OF SOMETHING IS WHAT YOU GIVE UP TO GET IT: Since we do tradeoffs, the people generally find out the cost and benefits that their action going to incur. For an action, one has to sacrifice something. For example: I have come here to do post-graduation but I had to sacrifice my server administrator job. A cost that given up to get something known as the opportunity cost. My opportunity cost is server administrator job, money, and time, which I had given up for the post-graduation. (Mankiw,2003,pp.56) Principle 3: RATIONAL PEOPLE THINK AT THE MARGIN: (Refer appendix (a)) One always does small changes in their plan of action to achieve maximum benefits from the process. (Mankiw,2003,p.6) This small change known as the marginal changes as it take place around edges. For example: A student who is enrolled for 1 year of education, if he/she add one more year to its study, they will be able to apply for permanent residency which incur as additional benefits but with this come the additional costs of college fees, time etc. Comparison of marginal benefits and marginal cost will be able to help you in taking the decision. Principle 4: PEOPLE RESPOND TO INCENTIVES: Behaviour of any person or firm changes according to the environmental variables like benefits or cost changes. For example: If the cost of the orange increases then the consumer will shift towards apples, as cost of orange is high. (Mankiw,2003,p.7) Principle 5: TRADE CAN MAKE EVERYONE BETTER OFF: Trade is taking place between the products that countries own not between the countries. (Chapter 1,p.4) (Refer appendix (b)) Trading between parties makes goods cheaper. For example: Trade between country A and country B will help both the countries to get goods of one another and help them to expertise in what they are good at producing. Principle 6: MARKETS ARE USUALLY A GOOD WAY TO ORGANIZE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: Market Economy is the concept where a centralise judgment planner is substituted by judgement of millions of households and firms. The place where the households and firm can communicate with each other for services and goods is known as market and it is taken place under the influence of the price and self-interest, which helps them to take decision. For example: Taxes that impose by the government always change the goods price and decision of producer and consumers. (Mankiw,2003,p.9) Principle 7: GOVERNMENTS CAN SOMETIMES IMPROVE MARKET OUTCOMES: When a market fails to distribute the resources efficiently, it is known as market failure, which decreases efficiency. Government impose some rules to improve the market.(Mankiw,2003,p.11) For example: When the Australian government, impose carbon tax on the emission of the carbon, which will makes the firm to emit less carbon, which results in less pollution. (Kirk,2010) Principle 8: A COUNTRYS STANDARD OF LIVING DEPENDS ON ITS ABILITY TO PRODUCE GOODS AND SERVICES: The living standard in the country is depends upon the country producing capacity. In country where, more goods and service are produced in a unit time there standard of living is high as compared to the people with less productivity. For example: Living standard of a U.S. citizen is better than living standard of Mexican and Nigerian citizen as a U.S. citizen earn more than those two citizen. . (Mankiw,2003,p.12) Principle 9: PRICES RISE WHEN THE GOVERNMENT PRINTS TOO MUCH MONEY: Inflation is the state in which the price level increases in the economy. Inflation occurs when the supply of the money, which is under the hood of government, increased drastically in compare to the accessibility of services and goods in the markets.(Chapter 1, p.6) When the government produce high quantity of nations money, than it has lose its value. For example: When in Germany the average price of the commodity is tripling every month so the production of money is also tripling every month. .(Mankiw,2003,p.14) Principle 10: SOCIETY FACES A SHORT-RUN TRADEOFF BETWEEN INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT: Policy that are making, to reduce the inflation led to increase in unemployment and policy to reduce unemployment led to increase in inflation this properly describe in Philip curve. This concept ends in 1970 when inflation and unemployment co-existed at their maximum peak. (TEN (10),p.3) The relationship between the inflation and unemployment is temporary. (Mankiw,2003,p.14) Answer 2: The study, which deals with the choices made by an individual and business, the way in which this choices are communicate with each other in a market environment and the effect of the government on them, is known as Microeconomics. Example: Study of people behaviour of buying more laptops? The study, which deals with the performance of the global economy and the national economy, is known as Macroeconomics. Example: Government rule and taxation on particular goods. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,p.4). Key player, which are present in the market environment, are the producer, consumer and the government. Decision of the producer to produce goods, entering or exiting the market comes under the microeconomics, which is the individual decision of firm.(OECD,p.34) A firm will always take a decision to maximize its profit. Regulations made by the government, affect firm decision, as unnecessary restriction will increases firms cost and decreases its productivity, which results in the firm loss comes under macroeconomics. (Loayza,p.6) PART 2: Answer 3: Supply curve: A supply curve is the curve, which shows the relationship between the price of the goods and the quantity supplied when all the elements acting on the producer scheduled sales remains the same. Supply curve is upward sloping. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,p.66). In Figure-1, as the price is increasing the supply of the apples are also increasing for 0.40 supply was 1,000 and for 0.60 supply was 2000. This implies that it follows the law of supply. Price ($ per pound) Apples per day (pounds) supplied 0.40 1000 0.60 2000 0.80 3000 Figure-1 Source: Collins Karen Demand curve: A demand curve shows the relationship between the price of the goods and the quantity demanded when all the elements acting on the consumers schedule buying remain the same. Demand curve is downward sloping. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,p.62). In Figure-2, as the price is decreasing the demand of the apples are increasing for 0.80 demand was 1,500 and for 0.40 demand was 2,500. This implies that it follows the law of demand. Price ($ per pound) Apples per day (pounds) demanded 0.80 1500 0.60 2000 0.40 2500 Figure-2 Source: Collins Karen Equilibrium of a market: When two opposite forces balance each other, this state is known as the Equilibrium state. Market equilibrium is the state when the buyer and seller both of them are satisfied with the price of the commodity. Condition that satisfies the equilibrium is that, when the demand of the quantity is equal to the supply of the quantity. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,p.70). In Figure-3, the intersection point of the demand curve and the supply curve is the equilibrium point where the apples demanded is equal to the apples supplied. Price ($ per pound) Apples per day (pounds) demanded Apples per day (pounds) supplied 0.80 1500 1000 0.60 2000 2000 0.40 2500 3000 Figure-3 Source: Collins Karen Answer 4: A chemical equilibrium is the state at which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. (Refer appendix (c)) This simply tells us that the rate of forming of the products is equal to the rate of forming of the reactants. (sparknotes,2009) For example: N2+3H2 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ 2NH3 The reaction shows us that when hydrogen reacts with nitrogen they form the ammonia gas, NH3. During the first interaction between the nitrogen and hydrogen in the chamber, ammonia is generated. When the concentration of ammonia increases the ammonia gas start to breakdown into the nitrogen and hydrogen. When the rate of forming of ammonia is equal to the rate of decomposition of the ammonia then that state is known as the equilibrium state. (Refer appendix (d)) (Chemistry Explained,2010) When we contrast the concept of the chemical equilibrium to the concept of the economics they are the same as both the equilibriums need one condition to satisfy quantity demanded = quantity supplied, (Refer appendix (e)). At the equilibrium, the forward reaction, which is to equivalent to the quantity demanded in economics, is satisfied by the reverse reaction, which is equivalent to the quantity supplied in economics. In economics for quantity demand, there is always supply of goods, which is never ending process as in chemical reaction at equilibrium state it is also a never-ending process. Equilibrium is very important in economics because if there is no equilibrium than there will be shortage or surplus of the goods which will results higher price for goods or lower price of goods, which will make both the consumer and producer unhappy as at the equilibrium stage the price that a seller will be happy to sell its good and a buyer is happy to pay for it. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007). Answer 5: D TCS S=MC Price P* E(D=S) S D=MB TPS Q* Quantity Graph 5(i) For resource allocation we have to prove MB (marginal benefits)=MC(marginal costs) and maximum welfare = Consumer surplus + Produces surplus. In the Graph 5(i), We have supply curve S, which also represent marginal cost, and demand curve D, which also represent marginal benefits. The intersection of the curve D and S is the equilibrium that is where demand = supply which also means the marginal benefits = marginal costs. At this point the P* and the Q* is the price and quantity that will be our competitive outcome. In DES, (TCS) for the consumer surplus, P*ED represent the total consumer surplus that is maximum consumer benefits and for the (TPS) producer benefits it is the P*ES represent the total producer surplus that is maximum producer benefits. Because P* and the Q* is the competitive outcome as E is the point of equilibrium. P*ED and P*ES is congruent as DP*=SP* and angle DP*E=SP*E (P* is the mid-point of SD) In Graph 5 (i), we have proven that marginal benefits= marginal cost is the efficient outcone. Any government intervention like tax or subsidy is harmful to economy because as Taxes in the economy makes the buyer to pay more and seller to get less. Therefore, it will make the producer to produce less that is that will lead to the underproduction of the product. Subsidies that are given to producer by the government lessen the cost paid by the buyers and seller receives the high price. Therefore it will lead to produce more so over production. D TCS S=MC D S Price P* E(D=S) D3 D2 S D=MB TPS Q1 Q* Q2 Quantity Graph 5 (ii) In Graph 5 (ii), competitive outcome is P* and Q*. It shows that D2DE, is the part which we are losing (Dead weight loss) as Marginal CostMarginal Benefits, firm is producing Q2quantity, that is firm is over producing, right of Q* firm will produce more quantity. In both the cases we are deviating from the competitive outcome so it is inefficient. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,pp.114 116). PART 3: Answer 6: When some of the free market is not able to allocate the resources proficiently then it is a market failure. (Mankiw,2003,p.151). It can be, the resources are under allocated so goods are under produced and vice-versa. The Pollution problem resulting to global warming is example of market failure.(Market Failure,2010) To overcome this situation the government can comes with some rules and regulation. For example: Australian government impose the tax on the carbon emission known as carbon tax. There is a belief in this step that, to avoid the extra tax or money to pay the people will choose to emit less carbon, which will result in the reduction in the national emissions. (Brook Barry,2009) Answer 7: I think governments tend to interfere in economic activity more than what economic theory recommends because there is always a debate between the efficiency and equity. Efficiency is a concept telling us, what is the maximum amount of output a society gets from its scarce resources. Equity is dealing with the equally distribution of the economic outcome fairly among the society. (Mankiw,2003,p.5).For this thing to explain, I am taking example of Australian Government. The government introduces the mining tax and provide an argument, that the Australian people are the candidate to receive maximum share of the profits generated by the mining. This mining tax come into action, as the mining company pay royalties to state government, which is 40% of their profits, in 2001, but in present they are paying less than 20%. (Mining Tax) Answer 8: A fundamental right of every personal, to manage their individual property and labour, is known as Economic freedom. An individual person is free to consume, produce, work, and do the investment in their way, in economically free society and protection of the freedom is by state. Movement of goods, capital, and labour is free in the economically free society. To measure index of economic freedom we measure ten modules of economic freedom on the scale of 0 to 100, 100 being the maximum freedom. The 10 modules score is totalled and average is taken out for the every country, which is index of economic freedom. Economic freedom modules, which are used for the measurement of economic freedom index are, freedom of business: free to operate the business, freedom of trade, fiscal freedom, spending of government, freedom on monetary, freedom of investment, freedom in finance, property rights, freedom from corruptions and labour freedom.(2010IndexofECONOMICFREEDOM) Four countries that have moved up the scale in 2010: New Zealand, Switzerland, Japan, Sweden. Four countries that have moved down the scale in 2010: Hong Kong, Singapore, India, United States. (RankingtheCountries,2010) Answer 9: Australia stand on the third position in the Economic Freedom Index scale of 2010. Its overall score of 82.6 in 2009 remain unchanged in the 2010 as it did not move up or down in the scale of index. Good macroeconomics policies help the Australian economy to survive the recent financial crisis. (Australia,2010) For further improvement in the Australian business environment, we can use supply chain intelligence in the business (DysonEvelynLaurel), use of the business excellence framework, (BusinessExcellence,2010) improving the environment. PART 4: Answer 10). S I1 P2 E2 P1 E Price E3 D2 P3 I2 D3 D1 Q3 Q1 Q2 Quantity Æ’Â   Graph 10 (i) In perfectly competitive grocery market, under short run, the numbers of firms are constant and each firm has certain plant size. In the Graph 10(i), D1 is a demand curve and S is the supply curve of grocery industry. E is the equilibrium point, and P1 and Q1 are equilibrium price and the quantity of grocery industry. If, there is change in demand then there is also change in the short-run equilibrium. When the demand of grocery increases (I1), the demand curve will shift towards right, D2, E2 is the new equilibrium point with equilibrium price P2 and equilibrium quantity Q2 it the point when the firm will maximize the profit by maximizing the output. When the demand of grocery decreases (I2), the demand curve will shift towards left, D3, E3 is the new equilibrium point with equilibrium price P3 and equilibrium quantity Q3 it the point when the firm will maximize the profit by decreasing the output. If demand curve shift more left than D3 than firm in grocery industry, will temporari ly close down its facility or will continue to produce Q3 quantity by bearing loss. S1 I1 P1 E1 S0 P0 E0 Price D Q1 Q0 Quantity à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Graph 10 (ii) In the Graph 10(ii), any price above the P0, firm in grocery industry will make economic profit and below P0, economic loss and at P0 zero economic profit. Demand curve is D. Supply curve of the grocery industry is S1, so things sold at P1 with Q1 quantity will produce economic profit and attract the other new firm. As new firm enter, supply will increase, so grocery industry supply curve will shift right (I1) to S0. As the demand is unchanged, market price will drop from P1 to P0 but quantity produce is Q1 to Q0 (increases). Therefore, economic profit of exiting firm in a grocery industry decreases but output from grocery industry increases. For the consumer: The consumer will able to get the grocery at lower price. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,pp.234235). Answer 11). Using Kinked Demand Curve Model: Assumption: If the firm1 in grocery industry, increases its price than the firm2 will not follow but firm1 decreases than firm2 will also decreases its price P MC1 MC0 Price A B D MR Q Quantity Graph 11(i): In the Graph 11(i), the firm in the grocery industry having the Graph 11(i). Therefore, P is the price for the market, and D is the demand curve of the firm. If the firm increase its price P, then that firm will see that there is a greater decrease in its quantity sold because the other firm is not going to increase the price. If the firm sell, its goods below price P than there is little increase in the goods selling as other firm will also cut there price. As the demand curve is kinked so the MR, Marginal revenue is having a break AB. Maximum profit of the firm is generated at quantity Q as the marginal cost (MC) = marginal revenue (MR) i.e. intersection of MR and MC at gap AB. If there is fluctuation of MC between the A and B, the firm is not going to modify its quantity or price. If the fluctuation takes place outside the AB, so firm going to change its price and quantity. Small change in the cost is not having greater effect on price or quantity. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007 ,p.288). If the two firms collude than it may happen that, they cheat or comply with each other. In the below table after applying game theory and players are two firm, firm1 and firm2 and they play for once. FIRM1: If firm 2 cheats, and if firm 1 cheats it gets 2M and if it comply than it loses 3M so 2M is better. If firm 2 comply and if firm 1 cheats it get 8M and if it comply than it gain 4M, so 8M is better than 4M. Therefore, it tells that the Firm1 should cheats. FIRM2: If firm 1 cheats, and if firm 2 cheats it gets 2M and if it comply than it loses 3M so 2M is better. If firm 1 comply and if firm 2 cheats it get 8M and if it comply than it gain 4M, so 8M is better than 4M. Therefore, it tells that the Firm2 should cheats. FIRM 1 FIRM 2 Cheat Comply Cheat (2M, 2M) (-3M,8M) Comply (8M,-3M) (4M,4M) (Playoffs: Firm1, Firm2) According to the Nash equilibrium, both of them will cheat, as the cheating is the best strategy for them and earn 2M. If the game is played for the indefinitely than the both the firm will come to know that if they comply they have better result, that is each firm will going to get 4M, which is greater than 2M. Indefinite playing will give firm to get the best outcome. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007,p.303). Answer 12). In NASH equilibrium, one company develops its best possible strategy according to the strategy adopted by another company and vice versa. Normal equilibrium where the buyer and seller both of them are satisfied with the price of the commodity. In NASH equilibrium, there is no role of price but information and strategy plays an important role but in normal equilibrium price plays an important factor to attain the equilibrium. (McTaggart,Findlay,andParkin2007).

Lenovo Laptop-Promotional Strategy Essay

1. PERVASIVENESS: Advertising permits the seller to repeat a message many times. It also allows the buyer to compare messages of various competitors. Large scale advertising says something positive about the seller size, power and success. 2. AMPLIFIED EXPRESSIVENESS: Advertising provides opportunities for dramatizing the company and its products through the artful print sound color. ADVERTISING CAN BE USED TO BUILD UP A LONG TERM IMAGE FOR A PRODUCTPROMOTION The promotion mix within the marketing mix includes advertising, sales promotion and personal selling. Product promotion means making the product popular among the consumers and raising its sales through suitable measures the basic purpose is to widen the scope of marketing.  sales promotion means the promotional activities other than personal salesmanship, advertising and publicity which stimulate consumer purchasing and dealer effectiveness through displays, exhibitions, demonstrations, free samples, discounts, premium etc. it is plus ingredient in marketing mix it act as bridge link in between advertising and personal salesmanship. It acts as a supporting facility to advertising and personal selling. FEATURES OF SALES PROMOTION1. SALES PROMOTION ACTS AS A TOOL IN MARKETING TO LUBRICATE MARKETING EFFORTS. 2. IT IS NECESSARY IN PRESENT COMPETITIVE WORLD AND CONSUMER ORIENTED MARKETING3. IT SUPPORTS ADVERTISING AND PERSONAL SELLING. 4. IT AMIS STIMULATING CONSUMER PURCHASING AT POINT OF SALE. 5. IT PROVIDES MORE SALES AND PROFITS TO PRODUCERS AND DEALERSNEED OF SALES PROMOTION1. FOR UNLOADING ACCUMULATED INVENTORY. 2. FOR INTRODUCING NEW PRODUCTS. 3. FOR OVERCOMING SEASONAL SLUMPS. 4. FOR SUPPORTING ADVERTISING CAMPAIGN. 5. FOR GETTING NEW ACCOUNTS. 5. FOR SUPPORTING AND SUPPLEMENTING SALESMAN EFFORTS. OBJECTIVES OF SALES PROMOTION1. TO RAISE VOLUME OF SALES OF PRODUCT. 2. TO RAISE BUYING RESPONSE AND POTENTIAL CONSUMERS. THREE MARKETING PROMOTION STRATEGYA] DEFINE YOUR VP-up stands for value proposition and it is critical to define what unique value you can bring to your customer. The three items that you should not define as your up. 1 low price-if your only differentiator is price, customer is in tough time. Price is probably the worst way to attempt to differentiate your company. Making low pricing your up is a mistake. 2. Quality products-they are not differentiator, they are an expectation. 3. service-good service is an expectation, not vp.good service is not simply a unique way you differentiate your business these days. Up need to focus on a unique way you do business, it can be way your information is packaged, a guarantee that no one else offers, or the way your product can transform people. Once you defined your value proposition, you must ensure that this message comes across clearly to your customers and prospects. An easy way to develop a business tag line based on your up and uses this tag in all your customers’ communications. B} MATCH THE MESSAGE TO THE CUSTOMER- the more you know and are able to define your various buyer personas, the more you will be able to communicate  tightly focused and powerful message that is relevant to particular customer. C} GIVE SOMETHING FOR NOTHING- this means to build trust by giving away something for nothing. Before you attempt to sell. You must create trust they want information. When they surf the internet they need information. The trust can be created over time by consistently showing customer the knowledge, expertise and valuesSTART OF LENOVO†Hope through Entrepreneurship† tells not just the story of Lenovo’s corporate social investments, but the company’s own history. In 1984, 11 computer scientists in Beijing, China had a vision to create a company that would bring the advantages of information technology to the Chinese people. With approximately $25,000 USD in seed money and the determination to turn their research into successful products, this team opened their business in a loaned space – a small, one-story bungalow in Beijing. Today, Lenovo is encouraging people around the world to make an impact. As Lenovo’s technology helps bridge the physical gap among different parts of the world, the company’s goal is to do the same through its social investments. Given Lenovo’s history and the nature of its business, the company focuses on helping people around the world transform their lives and their communities. To do this, Lenovo supports organizations that encourage business development and social entrepreneurship. Through microfinance institutions such as Opportunity International, Lenovo is helping provide crucial loans to help disadvantaged people in countries such as Africa, Asia, Latin America and Eastern Europe. HISTORY OF LENOVOThe following is a brief history of Lenovo:- 2000: Legend shares peak at HK$14.75 on March 6. – 2001: Dell takes the largest share of the worldwide PC market for the first time. Legend sales reach a peak of HK$27.2 billion in the fiscal year ended March 2001 and decline to HK$23.2 billion in the most recent fiscal year ended March 2004. – 2003: The Company changes brand name to Lenovo from Legend to avoid infringement of overseas brands. The company says it is preparing for expansion outside China, which has overtaken Japan to become the world’s second-largest PC market. The US remains the world’s largest PC market. – 2004: The Company changes its name to Lenovo Group. Time Warner Inc, the world’s largest media company, on January 7 exits a US$50 million Internet venture in China with Lenovo. China accounts for 99 percent of Lenovo’s sales in fiscal year ended March 2004 and 98 percent in the previous 12-month period. Lenovo’s first-quarter PC shipment growth in China lags rivals such as Dell, according to market researcher IDC Corp. Lenovo has a 10.9 percent share of the Asian market excluding Japan, compared with 7.3 percent for Dell. Lenovo’s Asian shipments rise 19 percent, compared with 52 percent for Dell. Lenovo’s sales of services and hand-held electronics grow the fastest of all its products in the most recent two fiscal years, each at an average rate that roughly quadruples. Computer sales rise at an average rate of 9 percent in the same period. – December 3, 2004: IBM in discussions with Lenovo about the sale of its PC business, the New York Times reports. – December 7, 2004: Lenovo says it’s in talks with a major international company about a possible acquisition. – December 8, 2004: Lenovo’s purchase of IBM’s personal computer business formally announced in Beijing yesterday. Acquisition expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2005. OBJECTIVE OF LENOVOLenovo nose-diving into rural marketChina’s top PC maker, Lenovo Group Ltd, by introducing cheaper computers, is plunging head-on into the country’s rural market, where PC penetration is low and purchasing power is weak. Analysts said the firm’s low-price strategy will help it strengthen its  market share, which is shrinking. But they are divided about the long-term profitability of the low-priced PCs. Lenovo last week introduced a new consumer PC series and an e-classroom solution aimed at users in ordinary households and the education sector in townships. The retail prices for the new PC models will range from 2,999 Yuan (US$361), a record low, to 5,999 Yuan (US$723). Lenovo previously focused on PCs that cost more than 5,000 Yuan (US$602). â€Å"The growth of the whole PC market is lackluster. But the township market remains largely untapped,† said Yang Yeaning, chief executive officer of Lenovo Group Ltd. The launch of the low-price PCs is part of Lenovo’s strategic shift. He expects shipments of the new PC series will reach 800,000-1 million units within a year. Beijing-based CCW Research said tapping the low-end market will increase Lenovo’s market share. And so it did.†Lenovo is delivering a message that it intends to cover all market segments, from high-end to low-end, â€Å"The low-price strategy puts pressure on some regional brands.Besides, operating systems are not pre-installed in the DIY market. â€Å"We have been put in an unfair position,† said Lu. â€Å"If all vendors pre-installed legitimate operating systems and pay the VAT, our market share would be much higher.†GAO estimates gross profit margins for Lenovo’s new series PCs will be about 8 per cent. For fiscal year 2003, Lenovo’s profit margins were 14.6 per cent, compared with 14.8 per cent in the last fiscal year. Edward Yu, president of research house Analysis International, predicted the profit margins will be much lower. â€Å"The shipments of PCs priced at 2,999 Yuan are unlikely to reach 100,000 units. Otherwise, it will be unprofitable,† Yu said. â€Å"The most likely scenario is quite a few of the PCs will be available in the marketplace. The low-priced move is largely a promotion strategy.†Since Lenovo is not adopting a â€Å"direct-sales† strategy, the firm is unlikely to save the â€Å"channel cost,† which usually accounts for nearly one-fifth of the price, Yu explained. Lu reaffirmed Lenovo will not follow Dell’s â€Å"direct-sales† strategy. Lenovo’s low-price strategy is expected to spark a round of price-cutting in China’s PC industry. China’s No 2 PC maker, Founder Technology, â€Å"will not rule out the possibility of making a similar move,† said I Dongfeng, the company’s managing president. Qi last week said he agreed China’s rural market promises much potential. â€Å"I think a PC price tag from 2,000-3,000 Yuan (US$241-361) for the rural market is appropriate,† he said. Another PC maker, Langchao, plans to launch a new PC model that will cost about 1,999 Yuan (US$241), some media have reported. A new round of price-cutting is expected dent profit margins industry-wide. Profits have been dropping due to intense competition. Statistics, released by Analysis last week, indicate PC sales in China in the year’s second quarter reached 17.53 billion Yuan (US$2.11 billion), up 17.8 per cent year-on-year. Shipments in the quarter totaled 2.91 million units, down 0.4 per cent compared with previous quarter, but up 39 per cent year-on-year. Lenovo’s market share dropped 5.6 per cent, year-on-year, during the period, Analysis said. Barcelona FC’s super soccer star Ronald de Assis Moriera of Brazil, better known as Ronaldinho has been named as the official representative of china’s PC giant, Lenovo, in its global promotion campaign. The two sides have signed a confidentiality agreement but Lenovo declined to talk about the details, the expenses in particular. According to Chen Shaopeng, senior vice-president of Lenovo Group and president of Lenovo’s greater China operation, partnering with an international sport star is an important part of Lenovo’s global marketing strategy. Lenovo hopes Ronaldinho’s personal charm and influence worldwide will help Lenovo’s global promotion campaign and gain popularity. During the one-year promotion, Lenovo will be authorized to use Ronaldinho’s personal images as well as all the brands of Barcelona FC. â€Å"I believe that combination of the charm of soccer and the sci-tech of computer will bring more color and pleasure to people’s life, noted Marc Ingle, vice president of Barcelona FC. The list of the commercial value of soccer stars done by Germany-based BBDO Consulting months before shows that Ronaldinho, with 32.6 million pounds tops the rank. SWOT AnalysisStrengths:Strong sale position in mainland (china) because of 90%sale from it. Market leader in china as Lenovo is learning more revenue from the mainland. Low production cost. Event sponsoring. Good marketing and distribution strategy. The PC giant earlier launched a product under the ThinkPad series for the student market at 7,999yuan and recently cut the price of a new PC product under the ThinkPad SL series to 3,000yuan from 5,000yuan. A market analyst says that the price of IT product is on the decline due to cost reduction of parts and terminal. Besides, the low- price strategy could produce the largest effect in the summer holiday due to high price sensitivity in the period. The company has begun to boost the promotion for online buyers, in particularly the youth and students, because the company could cut great cost to support its low-price strategy. With the extension of internet coverage, the booming online consumption is underpinned by reduced marginal cost due to more conveniences and increasing transparency of price for the components of IT products. The analyst believes that the campaign would bring great troubles to the domestic PC producers in the second and third camps, which might spark a new wave of merger and acquisition in China. LENOVO EXPANDS MOTORSPORTS PRESENCE TO INDYCAR SERIES FOR INDY 500 WITH CURB/ ALABAMIAN/BECK TEAM Lenovo Promotes Relationship with NBA by Highlighting the Finals on the CarINDIANAPOLIS — Lenovo, a leading computer company that creates the best-engineered PCs in the world, today announced a sponsorship agreement with the CURB/ Alabamian/Beck team for the crown jewel race within the Indy Car Series – the Indianapolis 500. The announcement marks Lenovo’s interest in identifying how motor sports can help drive the company’s goal for building brand awareness on a global scale. This coming weekend provides a significant opportunity for worldwide brand exposure. Lenovo is sponsoring teams at two of the racing world’s most prestigious races — the Indianapolis 500 and the Formula 1 race in Monte Carlo, Monaco. The Lenovo Indy Car Series announcement comes during the most important time of year for the series – the Indianapolis 500 weekends, when all eyes are on Indianapolis for what remains the world’s largest single-day spectator sporting event. The Lenovo logo will be placed on the black No. 98 CURB/ Alabamian/Beck Motor sports Dollar/Honda/Firestone car, driven by Alex Barron, for this weekend’s Indianapolis 500 race. In addition, the Lenovo-sponsored AT&T Williams Formula One car – a partnership announced earlier this year – races this weekend at Monaco. In an innovative cross promotion, the Indy 500 sponsorship also showcases Lenovo’s support for the NBA and The Finals, marking the first time the league’s marquee event has been promoted during an auto race. The front wings on the car will brand The Finals on ABC on June 7. Greg Odem and Mike Conley Jr., expected top selections in the NBA Draft in June and both Indianapolis natives, will be on-site in Pit Row as guests of Lenovo and driver Alex Barron. â€Å"Indy Car racing is a data-intensive, computing-intensive endeavor, highly focused and invested in innovation and development, and highly dependent on information technology,† said Tony George, Tony George, founder and CEO, Indy Racing League, the sanctioning body for the Indy Car Series. â€Å"We welcome Lenovo to this community and are excited to be working with the best in the business for PC technology.†The Indy Car Series has long been recognized for its technical leadership, and recently reinforced its leadership track record by being the first in the automobile racing world to use 100 percent fuel-grade ethanol in Indy cars. That leadership makes the Indy Car Series an excellent partner for Lenovo, where engineering and innovation are top priorities. Effective deployment of information technology is a key part of the CURB/ Alabamian/Beck Motor sports strategic allocation process, and these decisions help determine the team’s success at the track. A Lenovo notebook PC will form an integral part of starting the Indy Car before each race, practice and test session. Lenovo PCs will support engineers in car research, test, development and manufacturing. They will support the drivers in their analysis and will support the management team in marketing, logistics, travel and race planning as well as networking, inventory, relationships with clients, sponsors and suppliers, human resources, finance and strategy. CURB/Agaganian/Beck Motor sports are a team in the Indy Racing League owned by Greg Beck, Cary Alabamian, and Mike Curb. The team’s car is a black No. 98 Dollar/Honda/Firestone car. The team participated as Team Leader Motor sports when two Indy Car Teams joined forces to field cars for the 2006 Indianapolis 500. The first team was Beck Motor sports owned by Greg Beck which was founded in 1995. The second team R. Kent Baker Racing owned by Kent Baker which was founded in 1988. Both Baker and Beck had many years experience working with their own and various other Indy Car teams. They were joined by Cary Alabamian and Mike Curb of Curb Alabamian Motor sports. About the Indy Car Series:The Indy Car Series is the premier open-wheel series in the U.S., competing on a challenging combination of super  speedways, short ovals, scenic road courses and temporary street circuits. In 2007 the Indy Car Series will conduct 16 events in the U.S. and one in Japan, all available worldwide through a comprehensive, long-term agreement with ABC Sports/ ESPN. A leader in motor sports technology, the Indy Car Series is the first racing series to power its Honda engines on 100 percent fuel-grade ethanol. The Indy Car Series continues to the be the fastest and most competitive racing series, attracting a diverse lineup of drivers including Marco Amoretti, Sam Cornish Jr., and Dania Patrick. OLYMPIC GAME Lenovo, worldwide partner of the Olympic Torch Relay and the exclusive computing equipment supplier for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, is offering limited-edition notebook PCs inspired by the Lenovo-designed Olympic torch leading into the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Bid on this limited-edition Lenovo 3000 V200 notebook PC signed by Gail Emmys of the U.K. Badminton team, the last one of only three available exclusively through this auction. With the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games just one week away, here’s your last chance to win this commemorative notebook PC!About the limited-edition Lenovo 3000 V200 notebook PCLike the â€Å"Cloud of Promise† on which the design is based, the notebook cover features striking swirls of silver against a pure red base color. Gail’s signature is prominently displayed on the cover of the notebook (signed with a black Sharpie Fine Point Permanent marker). Due to export restrictions and policies, this product is only available for shipment within the U.K. or to the U.S.A. Bids will only be accepted from bidders with shipping addresses in the U.K. or U.S.A. Specs:Lenovo 3000 V Series notebooks are built to provide worry-free computing in a stylish, media-friendly and powerful ultra portable widescreen. LENOVO BOOSTS ONLINE SALES THROUGH BARGAIN PROMOTION China’s leading PC producer Lenovo Group (0992.HK; LNVGY.PK), recently initiated a series of market promotion activities for low-price products in domestic online market. The PC giant earlier launched a product under the ThinkPad series for the student market at 7,999 Yuan and recently cut the price of a new PC product under the ThinkPad SL series to 3,000 Yuan from 5,000 Yuan. Besides, the low- price strategy could produce the largest effect in the summer holiday due to high price sensitivity in the period. The company has begun to boost the promotion for online buyers, in particularly the youth and students, because the company could cut great cost to support its low-price strategy. With the extension of internet coverage, the booming online consumption is underpinned by reduced marginal cost due to more conveniences and increasing transparency of price for the components of IT products. The analyst believes that the campaign would bring great troubles to the domestic PC producers in the second and third camps, which might spark a new wave of merger and acquisition in China. Lenovo launch in IndiaReconnecting with Television AdvertisingLenovo creates promotional flexibility with Google TV Ads. How does a computer manufacturer create brand awareness in a critical new  market? This was one of Lenovo’s biggest challenges following their acquisition of IBM’s Personal Computing division in 2005. IBM’s ThinkPad was already a bestselling laptop product line worldwide, but the Lenovo brand was virtually unknown outside of China. The acquisition elevated Lenovo to the world’s third largest PC Company and Lenovo set out to elevate its brand awareness in the US. Gary Milner, global interactive marketing manager at Lenovo, was hard at work developing and executing the online piece of Lenovo’s marketing plan; for this he turned to Google. â€Å"We started working aggressively with Ad Words to stimulate direct sales,† Gary said. â€Å"The online metrics showed us a clear payoff through increased traffic to our site, and we were able to quickly determine what messages and promotions customers were responding to,† he recalls. As the Lenovo team became more skilled in applying these metrics to better measure and improve the success of its online marketing initiatives, the team began looking for ways to extend their reach through other forms of media. The Google TV Ads product was intriguing because it offered the measurement and accountability of online. The Power of Sight, Sound and MotionAt the 2006 Winter Olympics, Lenovo used television advertising to generate brand awareness and drive sales. Right away Lenovo understood the power of television but didn’t have the budget to make it a permanent part of their marketing mix. â€Å"We saw right away that we got huge spikes in online traffic after that campaign, so we knew that TV was working for us. But at the time it proved to be a very hard medium for us to work with in a scalable way,† Gary remembers. When Gary and his team were introduced to the Google TV Ads platform, they were excited to see that many of the limitations that had kept them from using television more extensively were addressed. Google TV Ads’ digital platform allowed for easy campaign set up and management and complete flexibility across 95 networks. â€Å"The fact that we could configure and run our campaigns through an online interface was really appealing.† says Gary. A Variety ShowLenovo’s goal was to use Google TV Ads to generate interest and sales by offering viewers a variety of discounts and promotions. But which promotions would be most effective and generate the greatest response? Gary and his team were eager to find out. â€Å"We worked with an agency to create 50 plus promotional variations of our existing ad which saved us the money and trouble of producing a whole new creative,† Gary explains. This promotional strategy demanded a level of flexibility that was not available to Lenovo through the standard TV buying process. â€Å"Google did with TV what they’d done with search – they put control in the hands of the advertiser. The platform gave us the ability to easily upload ad creative and change them day-by-day based on our marketing needs.†Ã¢â‚¬ With 50 different versions of our commercial we had a lot of opportunity for experimentation,† says David Barbara, another member of Lenovo’s global interactive marketing team. â€Å"Be it free shipping or a 40 percent off discount — we could swap out any of our promotions as often as we wanted based on which deals we were running or which ads got the best response.† The more comfortable Lenovo got with the system, the more sophisticated their experiments became. David continually adjusted the campaigns to optimize reach and CPMs (cost per thousand impression). â€Å"We started to better understand which networks gave us the level of impressions we needed to make an impact.†Channeling successIn some of their ads, Lenovo featured a vanity URL – ExperienceLenovo.com – developed exclusively for their Google TV Ads. By tracking up tick in traffic to the website, the team learned that TV Ads enabled Lenovo to reach new, qualified audiences. â€Å"We found that 68 percent of the traffic to ExperienceLenovo.com was direct, meaning users were typing the URL directly into their browsers. The only way they could have gotten there was if they remembered the URL from the television spots we ran with Google,† says Gary. â€Å"Additionally, about 65 percent of people who created a customer account with the site during the time we were running Google TV Ads had never interacted with a Lenovo site before.† This meant that L enovo was attracting new customers. Google TV Ads worked so well for Lenovo that the team had decided to do more  of it. â€Å"TV advertising has not only brought us increased brand awareness, but it has impacted our success online as well – and Google put all of that within our reach.†Ã¢â‚¬ The Google TV Ads platform gives us a flexible, measurable alternative to network buys,† Gary said, â€Å"but most importantly, it lets us control our own destiny.†BRAND AMBASSADORYesterday, PC Company Lenovo, Worldwide Partner of the Olympic Torch Relay and TOP Sponsor of the Beijing Olympic Games 2008, launched its second phase of three online auctions in India as part of a global online philanthropic countdown to the Olympic Games. Just as the Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay travels around the world, a new Lenovo auction is beginning each week in a different country, as a countdown down to the Olympic Games. The auction features limited-edition, notebook PCs inspired by the Lenovo-designed Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch, and signed by Saif Ali Khan, the Bellwood star. The limited-edition notebook PC offers the Olympic fans the opportunity to bid and own a part of Olympic history, with a personal touch by Saif Ali Khan. The auction site will be closed at midnight of Friday, May 23rd, 2008. The third and final phase of auction in India will begin on July 29th, 2008. Saif Ali Khan was one of the six Lenovo torchbearers who ran with the Lenovo-designed torch ‘Cloud of Promise’ in the New Delhi leg of the Olympic Torch Relay on April 17th. The other five comprised Leander Peas (Tennis professional) Amar Babu (Managing Director, Lenovo India), S Ramadorai, Jaishankar K and Dr. Vaibhav Bagaria, the Open Nomination winner from Nagpur. The first phase of the auction, held in February, saw very encouraging response from Indians, with over a dozen bids and over thousand page views in India alone. The first notebook, Lenovo 3000 V200, was auctioned for $ 825.99Hundred percent of the proceeds from the auction will be distributed through the Lenovo Hope Fund to select philanthropies, including Right to Play. ENVIRONMENT Lenovo is committed to environmental leadership in all of its  business activities, from its operations to the design of its products and use of its technology. Lenovo’s corporate policy on environmental affairs is supported by the company’s global environmental management system, which is the key element of the company’s efforts to achieve results consistent with environmental leadership and ensures the company is vigilant in protecting the environment across all of its operations worldwide. Climate ChangeIn recognition of the need for control of the greenhouse gases for which industry is responsible, Lenovo has set a voluntary target of improving our operational carbon efficiency by 10% by 2012, against a baseline of 2007. This 2007 baseline will be published in our 2007/8 Sustainability Report. The Lenovo Energy CalculatorThis tool uses actual energy calculations from internal Lenovo testing, to determine the energy savings on our Lenovo desktops, notebooks and monitors. The energy savings are based on an estimated usage model for various configurations. Costs per Kilowatt Hour are based on 2007 US dollar calculations. Rates by country are based on 2007 information published by the United States Department of Energy. CO2 emission factors are from the US Dept. of Energy’s most recent data published in 2002. The tool allows you to select â€Å"Customize† and input your specific cost, CO2 emission factor and usage profile. Please select the â€Å"More Info† tab in the tool for more details on using these features. The Lenovo Energy Calculator provides an estimate and should only be used as a guide. Lenovo does not guarantee the savings as your company’s usage mayNew Lenovo-Designed Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay Components Unveiled BEIJING February 5, 2008 – In addition to designing the Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch that will travel the world on its way to herald the arrival of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, Lenovo has designed new torch relay components including the Lantern and Local City Cauldrons. The lantern houses the Olympic flame once it is lit in Olympia, Greece and safely carries the â€Å"mother flame† from city to city for the duration of the relay while the Olympic cauldron will be lit by the day’s last torchbearer at each end-of-day city celebration.The design extends the ‘Cloud of Promise’ design motif from the Olympic Torch to the lantern and cauldron. Lenovo’s designers  drew their inspiration for the lantern from the traditional lanterns that once adorned the walls of ancient Chinese palaces. PROMOTIONSKAUN BANEGA CROREPATI Lenovo gains from promotion through Kaun Banega CrorepatiChina based maker of personal computersLenovo has said that they have achieved tremendous sales boost and brand awareness inIndia through their marketing initiatives. The company specially credited their sponsorship of the popular gaming show on the television featuring Amitabh Bachchan, Kaun Banega Crorepati. Senior vice PrPROMOTION IN MALLCandid Marketing has created a unique activity to take the new Idea Pad brand by Lenovo to masses through experiential marketing. A mall promotion has been designed by the agency keeping in mind the brand’s target audience, and to interactively communicate product features. A large ‘Idea Meter’ bulb was created similar to that of the Idea Pad brand logo, and participants were invited to take part in a contest of witty ideas. The winner would be the one with the wittiest idea, which reflected through the intensity with which the ‘idea bulb’ glowed. The glow of the bulb is determined by the audience’s reaction to the idea. Winners of the Idea Meter contest took home brand merchandise. The promotion area also doubled up as a space in which customers could test the features of the new product line and sample the product itself. The activity traveled through malls and larger retails formats of six major metros in the country – Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Collate and Mumbai. The activity kick started on 21 June 2008 and will continue till 3 August 2008. Candid Marketing was involved with conceptualizing, designing and developing the Idea Meter. The task was to intrigue customers and lead them into sampling the product and increase awareness of the new series, said an agency representative.